SCS Science Fair Information
When: March 26 -29 2019
Where: Pink Palace Museum
Click here for more information
Characteristics of Humans
Adaptations & Behaviors
Fossil Page 1 PDF
Fossil Page 2 PDF
Fossil Page 3 PDF
FOSSIL QUIZZES FRIDAY 9/28 & 10/4
Fossil Vocabulary Words
When: March 26 -29 2019
Where: Pink Palace Museum
Click here for more information
Characteristics of Humans
- growth: process of becoming larger
- development: process of change that occurs during an organism's life
- stimulus: the change that causes the reaction of an animal in their environment
- response: the action or change in behavior of an organism
- nervous system: send and receive messages that control all of the body's many functions. It is made of two parts.
- central nervous system: made up of the brain and spinal cord, both are protected by bone.
- peripheral nervous system: made up of many nerves, or neurons, that connect the central nervous system to other parts of the body
- skeletal system: bones in our body
- muscular system:the muscles in our body that cover our bones
- reflex: a quick reaction that occurs without warning for a message to be sent from neurons to the brain
- neurons: way the body reacts to external stimuli
- sensory neurons: receive stimuli from your body and the environment
- associate neurons: connect the sensory neurons to the motor neurons
- motor neurons: carry signals from the central nervous system to different parts of the body
- memory: past experiences, information, and knowledge you have gained over time.
- short-term memory: information that is stored in the front of the brain and can remembered/recalled for a relatively short period of time
- long-term memory: short term memories that move to long term memory. You don't have to think about much, you just do it.
- hippocampus: where long term memories are found, same area of the brain that controls emotions and recognized spaces in their relation to us
- recall memories: something that makes you think of a long-term memory; a more complex one
- working memories: involves the information you might need to do something right then, can help you do more complex tasks
- prefrontal cortex: where short term memories are formed
- Pollution: harmful change to the natural environment, it occurs because Earth's land, water & air have a limited capacity to absorb wastes and to recycle them naturally
- Primary Succession: takes place in a community where few, if any, living things exist, or where earlier communities wiped out
- Pioneer Species: the first species living in an otherwise lifeless area. they tend to be hardy organisms with a short life cycle. these species make up the pioneer community
- Climax Community: final stage of succession unless the community is disturbed by some natural disaster or human activity
- Secondary Succession: beginning of a new community where another community previously existed. this can take place in a forest after a fire or logging has occurred, or in an abandoned farm field
- Biodegradable: ability to break down naturally over time
- Succession: process of one ecosystem changing into a new and different ecosystem
- Ecosystem- includes all living and nonliving things in an environment
- Population- organisms in an ecosystem are sorted into different populations. Includes all members of a single species in an area at a given time
- Community- many different populations make up a community. A community includes all the living things in an ecosystem.
- Food chain- the path that energy and nutrients follow in an ecosystem. They model the feeding relationships between organisms in an ecosystem
- Food web- a network of food chains that have some links in common. but it may look complicated.
- Symbiosis-relationship between two or more organisms that last over time
- Predator- an animal that hunts other animals for food. Top carnivores are the highest-level predators in a food web. The are important in food webs & food chains because they limit the size of prey populations.
- Prey- organisms that are eaten by other animals
- Mutualism- a symbiotic relationship that benefits both organisms
- Commensalism- symbiotic relationship that benefits one organism without haring the other
- Parasitism- symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is harmed
- Biotic factors- interact and supply the needs of living things.
- Abiotic factors- interact and supply the needs of living things: Plants need abiotic factors to survive including soil, sunlight, air and water.
- Producers- organisms that use the Sun's energy to make their own food in the form sugar. Producers are at the base of every food chain.
- Decomposers- break down dead or decaying plant and animal materials. They include fungi, bacteria, termites, and many worm species.
- Consumer- Any animal that eats plants or other animals.
- Interdependence- reliance of certain organisms on other organisms for their survival. Predator & prey is an example.
- Lichen- two different organisms (a fungus & alga) that live together. This is mutualism
- Dysentery- parasites that include the species of amoeba that causes a diseases. They enter the host's body through contaminated food or water.
Adaptations & Behaviors
- Recessive
- The form of a trait that is hidden, or masked, in the hybrid generation
- Heredity
- The passing down of inherited traits from one generation to the next.
- Overproduction
- Organisms produce more offspring than can survive
- Parents
- Father or mother that pass their DNA to their offspring
- Dominant
- The form of an inherited trait that masks the other form of the same trait
- Trait
- A quality of a living thing; a characteristic
- Adaptations
- A trait that helps a living thing survive in its environment
- Variation
- Being similar to something else but different in some ways
- Inherit
- To have something passed on from parent to offspring
- Biological
- (a member of a person's family) genetically related; related by blood
- Reproduction
- the production of offspring by a sexual or asexual process
- Sexual
- The production of new organisms from a female sex cell and a male sex cell
- DNA
- Our carrier of our genetic information.
- What we are made up of.
- Asexual
- The production of new organisms from only one parent
- Offspring
- An organism’s child
- Selection
- a process in which environmental or genetic influences determine which types of organism thrive better than others, regarded as a factor in evolution
- Genetic
- The study of heredity, or how traits are passed in genes from parent to offspring
- Competition
- interaction between organisms, populations, or species, in which birth, growth and death depend on gaining a share of a limited environmental resource
- Environment
- the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates
- Mimicry
- An adaptation in which an animal is protected against its predators by its resemblance to a different animal or object.
- Symbiosis
- Relationship between two or more kinds of organisms that lasts over time
- Mutualism
- Symbiotic relationship that benefits both organisms. Both organisms rely on the relationship for survival
- Commensalism
- Symbiotic relationship that benefits one organism without harming the other
- Parasitism
- Symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed. The organism that benefits is called the parasite, and the one harmed is called the host.
- Tropism
- Plant response caused by chemicals on the plant. Plants respond to water, gravity, light, and touch
- Imprinting
- A specific type of learned behavior. Occurs when an animal forms a bond with an organism right after hatching or being born
- Learned behavior
- comes from the teaching of the animal's parent or through experimentation with its environment
- Camouflage
- Any coloring, shape, or pattern that allows an organism to blend in with its environment; it helps animals hide from predators.
- Senses
- Organs used to gather information about surroundings and the ability to survive in their environments.
- Structural adaptions
- Adjustments to internal or external body parts. Examples include fur color, long limbs, strong jaws, ability to run fast.
- Instinct
- A behavior that is not learned, but done automatically
- Punnett Square
- a square diagram that is used to predict the genotypes of a particular cross or breeding experiment.
Fossil Page 1 PDF
Fossil Page 2 PDF
Fossil Page 3 PDF
FOSSIL QUIZZES FRIDAY 9/28 & 10/4
Fossil Vocabulary Words
- Endangered: when a species is in danger of becoming extinct
- Extinct: when a species has died out completely. No longer living on Earth.
- Fossil: any remains or imprints of living things from the past found within Earth’s crust
- Paleontologist: a scientist who studies fossils
- Skeleton: bones that support the body
- Fossil fuels: a natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms
- Deposition: the geological process in which sediments, soil and rocks are added to a landform or land mass. Wind, ice, water, and gravity transport previously weathered surface material
- Nonrenewable: a resource of economic value that cannot be readily replaced by natural means on a level equal to its consumption; most fossil fuels are considered nonrenewable
- Weathering: wear away or change the appearance or texture of (something) by long exposure to the air
- Strata: a layer of sedimentary rock or soil, or igneous rock that were formed at the Earth's surface,
- Sedimentary: that has formed from sediment deposited by water or air
- Igneous: having solidified from lava or magma
- Erosion: the process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents
- Variation: difference among members of the same species that enables individuals to better survive and reproduce
- Mutation: a change in an organism’s genetic material
- Natural selection: when organisms that are best suited to their environments survive and reproduce successfully
- Absolute age the age of a fossil in years
- Relative age: how old the rock is compared to another rock
- Half-life: the time is takes for the amount of an element to be cut in half
- Era: unit of time measured in millions of years
- Periods: eras are split into these smaller amounts of time.
Science Test Monday 9/10: Students received a study guide in class that we COMPLETELY went over. If they study this along with their previous vocabulary words, old worksheets, and basic information on the solar system they should be fine!! Below is some information that will also help them, they have heard and seen this ALL during our review! BELOW ARE JOTTED NOTES. I will expect more on the test. Remember: it's all what they put into it and how much they put into it!
- White dwarf: small dense star that shines with white light
- Galilean moons: Jupiter's Moons
- nebula: is an interstellar cloud of dust, hydrogen, helium and other ionized gases that stars are formed out of
- Revolution (one year, 365 days) VS rotation (one day, 24 hrs)
- similarities of the inner (M,V,E,M; terrestrial; no rings; before the asteroid belt) and outer (J,S, U, N; gaseous; rings; after the asteroid belt) planets
- causes of day and night on Earth (Earth's rotation)
- causes of our four seasons (Earth's axis and tilt)
- what happens when a comet gets closer to Earth (heats up)
- craters are formed from meteorites that come into Earth's atmosphere
PREVIOUS VOCABULARY WORDS
1. asteroid: one of many small, rocky objects between Mars and Jupiter
2. meteor: a chunk of rock from space that travels through Earth's atmosphere
3. comet: a mixture of ice, frozen gases, rock, and dust left over from the formation of the solar system
4. inner planets: The first four planets from the Sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. These planets are called terrestrial planets because their surfaces are made of rocks. These planets have no rings.
5. outer planets: The last four planets from the Sun: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. These planets are called gaseous planets because they are made of gas These planets have rings.
6. crater: bowl-shaped depression, or hollowed-out area, produced by the impact of a meteorite, volcanic activity, or an explosion.
7. galaxy: a huge collection of gas, dust, and billions of stars and their solar systems
8:gravity: the force of attraction between any two objects due to their mass
9. inertia : the tendency of a moving object to keep moving in a straight line or of any object to resist a change in motion
10. rings: dust and small particles that orbits a planet (such as Saturn) as a flat disc
11. nebula: is an interstellar cloud of dust, hydrogen, helium and other ionized gases that stars are formed out of